Citations and Bibliographies

Indirect quotation including author in narrative

Colton (2008) attributes the menial amount of biographical Russian tomes to the fear created by the social struggles and political climate under the Soviet regime.

Direct quotation- less than 40 words

Biographies were not written because “exposing details like socioeconomic, religious, and ethnic lineage, accusations against a relative, hidden enthusiasms or grudges- was treacherous for the subject”(Colton, 2008, p. 3).

Direct quotation including author in narrative

Colton (2008) describes the writing of biographies in Communist Russia as “treacherous for the subject” (p. 3).

Direct quotation- more than 40 words

Buber asks (1923/ 1970),

       Imagine that at some dreadful midnight you lie there, tormented by a  

       waking dream: the bulwarks have crumbled and the abysses scream,

       and you realize in the midst of this agony that life is still there and I

       must merely get through it—but how? How? (p. 120)

This idea…

Note: Longer quotations should be indented five spaces from the left margin in a block format.